Venezuela
http://www.venezuela.gov.ve/ http://www.parlamento.gov.ve/
Independence 1810/1811, united with Colombia 1819-1831, independent Republic 17.11.1831
(Presidents)
| José Antonio Paez (1790-1873) | 18.04.1831-20.01.1835 | |
| Andrés Narvarte (1781-1853) | 20.01.1835-09.02.1835 | |
| José Maria Vargas (1786-1854) | 09.02.1835-08.07.1836 | |
| Pedro Briceño (1792-1835) | 09.07.1835-13.07.1835 | |
| Santiago Mariño (1788-1854) | 13.07.1835-28.07.1835 | |
| José María Carreño (1792-1849) | 28.07.1835-20.08.1835 | |
| José Maria Vargas 2nd time | 20.08.1835-20.04.1836 | |
| Andrés Narvarte (1781-1853) | 20.04.1836-20.01.1837 | |
| José María Carreño 2nd time | 20.01.1837-11.03.1837 | |
| Carlos Soublette (1789-1870) | 11.03.1837-01.02.1838 | |
| José Antonio Paez 2nd time | 01.02.1838-20.01.1843 | |
| Santos Michelena (1797-1848) | 20.01.1843-28.01.1843 | |
| Carlos Soublette 2nd time | 28.01.1843-20.01.1847 | |
| Diego Bautista Urbaneja (1782-1856) | 20.01.1847-01.03.1847 | |
| José Tadeo Monagas (1784-1868) | 01.03.1847-20.01.1851 | |
| Antonio Leocadio Guzmán (1801-1884) | 20.01.1851-05.02.1851 | |
| José Gregorio Monagas (1795-1858) | 05.02.1851-20.01.1855 | |
| Joaquín Herrera (1813-1884) | 20.01.1855-31.01.1855 | |
| José Gregorio Monagas 2nd time | 31.01.1855-15.03.1858 | |
| Pedro Gual (1783-1862) | 15.03.1858-18.03.1858 | |
| Juliano Castro (1805-1875 | 18.03.1858-02.08.1859 | |
| Pedro Gual 2nd time | 02.08.1859-29.09.1859 | |
| Manuel Felipe Tovar (1803-1866) | 29.09.1859-20.05.1861 | |
| José Antonio Paez 3rd time | 08.09.1861-17.06.1863 | |
| Antonio Guzmán Blanco (1829-1899) | 17.06.1863-24.07.1863 | |
| Juan Crisóstomo Falcón (1820-1870) | 24.07.1863-18.03.1865 | |
| Antonio Guzmán Blanco 2nd time | 18.03.1865-07.06.1865 | |
| Juan Crisóstomo Falcón 2nd time | 07.06.1865-27.06.1868 | |
| Guillermo Tell Villegas (1823-1907) | 28.06.1868-08.03.1869 | |
| José Ruperto Monagas (1831-1880) | 08.03.1869-20.03.1870 | |
| Juan Vicente González (1825-1902) | 20.03.1870-11.04.1870 | |
| Antonio Guzmán Blanco (1830-1899) | 27.04.1870-20.02.1877 | |
| Jacinto Gutiérrez Martínez (1808-1884) | 20.02.1877-02.03.1877 | |
| Francisco Linares Alcántara (1825-1878) | 20.02.1877-30.11.1878 | |
| Jacinto Gutiérrez Martínez 2nd time | 30.11.1878-01.01.1879 | |
| José Gregorio Valera | 01.01.1879-13.02.1879 | |
| Gregorio Cedeño (1830-1891) | 13.02.1879-26.02.1879 | |
| Antonio Guzmán Blanco 4th time | 26.02.1879-08.05.1879 | |
| José Rafael Pacheco (1829-1884) | 08.05.1879-12.05.1879 | |
| Antonio Guzmán Blanco (5th time) | 12.05.1879-27.04.1884 | |
| Joaquín Crespo (1841-1898) | 27.04.1884-27.04.1886 | |
| Manuel Antonio Diez (1838-1916) | 27.04.1886-15.09.1886 | |
| Antonio Guzmán Blanco (6. Mal) | 15.09.1886-05.07.1888 | |
| Juan Pablo Rojas Paúl (1829-1905) | 29.06.1888-19.03.1890 | |
| Raimundo Andueza Palacio (1851-1900) | 19.03.1890-17.06.1892 | |
| Guillermo Tell Villegas 2nd time | 17.06.1892-02.09.1892 | |
| Guillermo Tell Villegas Pulido (1854-1949) | 02.09.1892-07.10.1892 | |
| Joaquín Crespo 2nd time | 07.10.1892-01.03.1898 | |
| Ignacio Andrade (1839-1925) | 01.03.1898-20.10.1899 | |
| Cipriano Castro (1858-1924) | 23.10.1899-19.12.1908 | |
| Juan Vincente Gómez (1857-1935) | 19.12.1908-30.05.1929 | |
| Juan Bautista Pérez (1869-1952) | 30.05.1929-13.07.1931 | |
| Juan Vincente Gómez 2nd time | 13.07.1931-18.12.1935 | |
| Eleazar López Contreras (1883-1973) | 18.12.1935-19.04.1936 | |
| Arminio Borjas (1868-1925) | 19.04.1936-25.04.1936 | |
| Eleazar López Contreras 2nd time | 25.04.1936-04.1941 | |
| Isaias Medina Angarita (1897-1953) | 06.05.1941-10.1945 | |
| Rómulo Betancourt (1908-1981) | 20.10.1945-15.02.1948 | |
| Rómulo Gallegos (1884-1969) | 15.02.1948-23.11.1948 | |
| Carlos Delgado Chalbaud (1900-1950) | 24.11.1948-13.11.1950 | |
| German Suárez Flammerich (1907-1990) | 27.11.1950-03.12.1952 | |
| Marcos Pérez Jiménez (1914-2001) | 03.12.1952-23.01.1958 | |
| Wolfgang Larrazábal (1911-2003) | 23.01.1958-14.11.1958 | |
| Edgard Sanabria (1911-1989) | 14.11.1958-13.02.1859 | |
| Rómulo Betancourt (2nd time) | 13.02.1959-11.03.1964 | |
| Raúl Leoni (1905-1972) | 12.03.1964-11.03.1969 | |
| Rafael Caldera (1916) | 12.03.1969-11.03.1974 | |
| Carlos Andrés Pérez Rodriguez (1922) | 12.03.1974-11.03.1979 | |
| Luis Herrera Campins (1925-2007) | 12.03.1979-02.02.1984 | |
| Jaime Lusinchi (1924) | 02.02.1984-02.02.1989 | |
| Carlos Andrés Pérez Rodriguez 2nd time | 02.02.1989-20.05./31.08.1993 | |
| Ramón José Velasquez (1917) | 04.06./31.08.1993-02.02.1994 | |
| Rafael Caldera 2nd time | 02.02.1994-02.02.1999 | |
| Hugo Chávez Frías (1954) | 02.02.1999- | |